Measurement and Statistics for Teachers
Price: $79.95
Add to Cart- ISBN: 978-0-8058-6457-1
- Binding: Paperback (also available in Hardback)
- Published by: Routledge
- Publication Date: 24th October 2008
- Pages: 312
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About the Book
Written in a student-friendly style, this modestly priced text shows teachers how to use measurement and statistics wisely in their classes. Although there is some discussion of theory, emphasis is given to the practical, everyday uses of measurement and statistics such as how to develop and use effective classroom tests, how to carry out informal assessments, performance assessments, portfolio assessments, and how to use and interpret standardized tests. Part II provides a more complete coverage of basic descriptive statistics and their use in the classroom than any text now available.
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Part I - MEASUREMENT
Section I: Basic Issues of Measurement
Chapter 1: Introduction to Measurement
Introduction
The Role of Measurement
Measurement, Assessment, and Evaluation
Formal vs. Informal Assessment
Classroom Assessment
Maximum vs. Typical Performance Measures
Uses of Measurement
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: Setting Effective Academic Goals
Chapter 2: Frames of Reference: Interpreting Test Scores
Introduction
Four Frames of Reference
Choosing a Frame of Reference for Assessment
Characteristics of Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced Tests
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: Time Management
Chapter 3: Developing Objectives
Introduction
Standards
Planning by Using Goals and Objectives
Benjamin Bloom’s Taxonomy of Objectives
Robert Mager’s Instructional Objectives
Norman Grundland’s Instructional Objectives
Robert Gagné’s Learning Outcomes
Using Objectives
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 4: Reliability
Introduction
What is Reliability?
Computing Reliability
Reliability and Validity
Estimating Reliability
Interpreting Reliabilities
Improving Test Reliability
Some Final Comments about Reliability
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 5: Validity
Introduction
Perspectives on Validity
Reliability and Validity
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Section II: Classroom Testing
Chapter 6: Completion and Short-Answer Items
Introduction
Short-Answer Items
Advantages and Limitations of Short-Answer Items
Attributes Desired in Short-Answer Items
Evaluating Short-Answer Items
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 7: Essay Items
Introduction
Advantages and Limitations of the Essay Format
Types of Essay Items
Scoring Essay Exams
Attributes Desired in Essay Items
Evaluating Essay Items
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 8: Multiple-Choice Items
Introduction
Advantages and Limitations of Multiple-Choice Items
Attributes Desired in Multiple-Choice Items
Evaluating Multiple-Choice Items
Various Types of Multiple-Choice Items
Number of Alternatives
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 9: True-false Items (and Variations)
Introduction
Advantage and Limitations of True-false Items
Attributes of Good True-false Items
Evaluating True-false Items
Variations in the True-false Format
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 10: Producing and Administering Tests
Introduction
Designing a Test
Producing a Test
Administering the Test
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 11: Analyzing Tests
Introduction
Test Analysis
Item Analysis
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Section III: Alternative Assessment Techniques
Chapter 12: Informal Assessments
Introduction
Types of Informal Assessment
Characteristics of Informal Assessment
Planning for Observations and Questions
Techniques for Effective Informal Assessment
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 13: Performance Assessment
Introduction
What are Performance Assessments?
Types of performance Assessments
When Are Performance Assessment Appropriate To Use?
Advantages and Limitations of Performance Assessments
Planning and Developing Performance Assessments
Scoring Performance Assessments
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 14: Portfolios
Introduction
What Makes Portfolios Distinctive?
Advantages and Limitations
Components of Portfolios
When is Portfolio Assessment the Most Effective?
Helping Students Develop Portfolios
Scoring Portfolios
The Future of Portfolio Assessment
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Section IV: Additional Measurement Issues
Chapter 15: Teaching Students Test-Taking Skills
Introduction
General Test-Taking Strategies
Test-Taking Strategies for Specific Test Formats
Familiarity with Testing Approaches
Approaches to Teaching Test-Taking Skills
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 16: Standardized Tests
Introduction
General Characteristics of Standardized Tests
Achievement Tests
Diagnostic Tests
Aptitude Tests
Other Types of Standardized Tests
Using Standardized Tests Effectively in the Schools
The Effects of No Child Left Behind and Other Federal Mandates
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Chapter 17: Alternative Ways to Report Test Scores
Introduction
Percentile Ranks
Standardized Scores
Normalized Standard Scores
Grade Equivalent Scores
Building Confidence Intervals
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Part II - STATISTICS
Chapter 18: The Language and Logic of Statistics
Introduction
Basic Language and Logic
Measurement Scales
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: How to Read a Measurement and Statistics Text
Chapter 19: Frequency Distributions and Graphs
Introduction
Frequency Distributions
Graphing Frequency Distributions
Forms of Frequency Distributions
Cumulative Frequency Distributions
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: How to Take Lecture Notes in a Measurement and Statistics Class
Chapter 20: Central Tendency: What is a Typical Score?
Introduction
Measures of Central Tendency
Deviation Scores
Characteristics of Central Tendency Measures
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: Learning Technical Terminology
Chapter 21: Variability: How Spread Out Are the Scores?
Introduction
The Variability Question
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: How to Prepare for an Exam
Chapter 22: Correlation
Introduction
Bivariate Statistics
z-Scores
Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient
Correlation and Prediction
Summary
Exercises
Spotlight on the Classroom
Study Tips: How to Learn from an Exam
References
Index
About the Author(s)
Malcolm Van Blerkom has been teaching various college courses in Psychology and Educational Psychology for the past 28 years, and is currently at the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. He has also published research on topics as varied as cognitive styles, class attendance, and study strategies.
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